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Not your typical break-the-fast

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By Rachel Myerson, The Nosher

Yom Kippur break-the-fast has ballooned into a significant event in the Jewish calendar. Though menus have become more extravagant, for many Ashkenazi Jews, the heart of the meal are the classics — bagels, smoked fish, blintzes and cake.

Outside the Ashkenazi community, however, there are different, centuries-old break-the-fast traditions that might even tempt you to ditch the bagels!

Iraq

Iraqi Jews know that you can’t beat a drink and bite of something sweet post-fast, so they turn to crumbly, date-filled cookies and hariri — a homemade sweetened almond milk that’s often flavored with cardamom.

Once that’s settled in the stomach, many embark on a full-on meat meal, like t’beet — a stuffed chicken and rice dish flavored with a mix of warm spices that’s prepared pre-fast and cooked low and slow.

Morocco

Instead of coffee, Moroccan Jews opt for mint tea accompanied by marzipan cookies or fijuelas, fried pastries dipped in sweet syrup, before diving into a feast. Many prepare the hearty soup harira — also a traditional iftar food during the Islamic Ramadan fasting period — featuring chickpeas or lentils, lemon, cilantro and often chicken or beef.

Others turn to traditional Shabbat dishes like dafina (or skhina), a cholent equivalent, flavored with saffron and stuffed with all kinds of delights — marrow bones, chickpeas, eggs, meatloaf, rice, the list goes on!

Iran

Persian Jews keep it simple with black tea, drunk alongside a soft-boiled egg and faloudeh seeb — a refreshing apple-rosewater treat that’s somewhere between a drink and a dessert.

Greece

Similar to Iraqi hariri, Greek Jews break their fast on a traditional homemade beverage called pepitada. Made from toasted melon seeds that are blended with water, sweetened with honey or vanilla, and flavored with rosewater or almond extract, this unique concoction is an excellent thirst-quencher.

A version of the classic avgolemono chicken soup called sopa de huevos y limon is a Yom Kippur staple, eaten either before or after the fast.

Syria

Like Moroccan Jews, Syrian Jews opt for the “more is more” approach. Stone fruits feature heavily: refreshing apricot water rehydrates the weary; dried apricots and plums are mixed with rice and ground beef and stuffed inside zucchinis; sour cherries paired with tamarind make a sweet-sour sauce for meatballs.

Others choose to ditch the meat in favor of sambusek, triangular turnovers stuffed with cheese, spinach or chickpeas.

Miller Rheins visits Jews, synagogues in Cuba

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Rabbi Susan Miller Rheins’ passport has a lot of stamps: Eastern Europe, Morocco and Israel, of course.

One place draws particular fascination. One place keeps calling her name.

Cuba.

“The allure of Cuba is my friends, the people in the Jewish community, the leaders of the Jewish community, being able to help support the synagogues, all the people there,” Miller Rheins told the IJN.

“They’re all friends. They feel like family. And that’s why I go back.”

Rabbi Miller Rheins has visited Cuba seven times since 2019, mostly on behalf of Ayelet Tours, which specializes in Jewish travel programs.

Each time the rabbi goes to Cuba, her entry into the country isn’t questioned, as she arrives from the US with medical supplies for Cuban citizens.

“One of the reasons why there are so many Jewish heritage tours going to Cuba is that we bring this medical aid,” Rheins recently told members of Denver Hadassah meeting at Temple Sinai.

“We help the people, we help the community. We’re asked to bring prescription medicine, over-the-counter medicine, band-aids, feminine hygiene products, anything we can think of.

There are five synagogues in the country, three of them in Havana. The Jewish community in Cuba numbers about 1,000.

Rabbi Miller Rheins has made friends with many of them. For security reasons, she cannot name those friends, or show pictures of them. One never knows if there are consequences around the corner, even if Miller Rheins says there as no risk of religious persecution there.

“There is no anti-Semitism in Cuba,” Miller Rheins says.

“They don’t have security. They do keep the doors locked just because they don’t want anything to happen.

“But there is no security to get into the building. It’s like a whole different world that we don’t know anymore.”

Miller Rheins’ most recent trip to Cuba was this past January. The next return date is uncertain.

Miller Rheins tries to stay apolitical, despite the extreme poverty throughout the country.

“It’s not the prettiest country,” the rabbi says.

“It’s very run down. It’s very gritty. It’s very dirty — a third-world country in a lot of ways.

“They don’t have the money to fix the buildings that are falling apart in Havana. They really have no money, but they’re good people.

“Cuba’s a wonderful country. The people don’t deserve what they’re getting. If you need a band-aid or Tylenol, you have to buy it on the black market.

“So our bringing over-the-counter supplies to the people in in Cuba . . . That’s why I go to Cuba.”

© IJN 2026

American rabbi; what comes first?; miracles

An American rabbi founds a community

Rabbi Kalman Topp and his wife Jordana recently announced that they are making aliyah to Israel.

For the past 17 years, Rabbi Topp has led Beth Jacob Congregation in Beverly Hills, Calif., one of the area’s largest and most influential Jewish communities. Now he is coming to Israel to establish a new community for new immigrants in Jerusalem’s Givat Hamatos neighborhood.

Once known for the temporary housing built there for Ethiopian immigrants, Givat Hamatos is now being developed as an upscale neighborhood, with growing numbers of Anglos moving in. 

It has already earned the nickname, “Bet Shemesh in Jerusalem.”

I still remember my first encounter with Rabbi Topp. Years ago, I was invited to speak at his synagogue. At the time, I knew almost nothing about how American Jewish communities function.

When I arrived, a man greeted me and introduced himself as “the synagogue president.” I thought he was joking. Why does a synagogue need a president?

Then he began introducing the rest of the team — the rabbi, associate rabbi, youth director and others. I quickly realized that in America, a synagogue is often the center of an entire Jewish community, with programs, classes, activities and an extensive leadership structure.

In many American Jewish communities, the rabbi is expected to be far more than a religious authority. He is also a teacher, counselor, community builder and often the person who helps people recognize the significance of moments they might otherwise overlook.

I remember one small moment that showed me exactly what that can mean. It was toward the end of a long Shabbat morning service. People had begun closing their siddurim, folding their tallitot, and preparing to leave. But there was still one final kaddish to be recited — the mourner’s kaddish.

Before it began, Rabbi Topp stood up and said, “There are people here who have lost someone dear to them, and they are about to say kaddish in their memory. Let’s give them one more moment of our attention.”

Wow.

The room fell silent. Everyone listened, then answered, “Amen.”

Rabbi Topp had hardly said anything. He had simply drawn attention to what was about to happen. But sometimes that is all it takes: to remind us, to give a moment context, to connect us more deeply to what is happening around us.

There is much that Jewish communities abroad can bring with them to Israel — not only their families and talents, but a culture of community, responsibility and belonging.

Welcome home.

What comes first?

The wave of renewed Jewish connection sweeping through the Jewish world is producing all kinds of interesting developments. Here’s one that spoke to me.

Popular Israeli singer Yagel Oshri shared this story this week:

“Until recently, I didn’t put on tefilin every morning, but after Oct. 7, I decided I was going to make it a regular part of my day. 

“In practice, though, I’d wake up in the morning and go straight to Instagram, TikTok, phone calls, work, meetings. Suddenly it would be six or seven in the evening, and I still hadn’t gotten around to it.

“I created an app on my phone called: ‘Tefilin First, Then the World.’ It locks all my other apps, and whenever I try to open one of them, a single message appears on the screen: ‘Put on tefilin yet, tzaddik?’”

I think this is a beautiful example of how we can “force” ourselves to do what our soul really wants — what we know is good for us, but don’t always manage to make happen. And the idea can be applied to so many other meaningful and sacred parts of life: Where else would we like to say, “This first and then the world?”

A time for miracles

Do you feel a different kind of energy in the air? Have you noticed how many conversations now end with “Shana Tova” or “Gmar Chatima Tova” — may you be inscribed and sealed in the Book of Life?

It may be worth tuning out the background noise for a moment and listening to this frequency instead. We call it optimism. We call it a new year. We call it the Ten Days of Repentance.” Aseret Yemei Teshuvah.

Netanel Peretz, a teacher from Ashdod, describes it this way:

“Every year at this time, a small miracle happens. For a few days, all of us manage to believe that change is truly possible.

“Even those who feel most discouraged, stuck or broken open a window and allow a little light into the darkness of their daily routine. 

“Suddenly, millions of people begin to believe, sincerely, that this year really can be different and beautiful. That they can become better than they were before. 

“That their hearts can open to receive the abundance of goodness that is constantly flowing from Above. 

“That they can find the courage to move forward without fear, and the strength to repair what needs repairing.

“Something softens, and not just for a fleeting moment. So many people decide to let go, to open themselves up, and to give goodness and kindness a chance. 

“I find myself thinking how extraordinary that is — this ability to keep believing in the power of goodness and kindness. How fitting, then, to give thanks for this miracle that returns each year with the beginning of Tishrei.

“May the new year, and all its blessings, begin.”

Translated by Yehoshua Siskin and Janine Muller Sherr

BVSD Superintendent Anderson: I ‘own’ the systemic failure

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The agreement between the ADL and Boulder Valley School District (BVSD) includes sweeping changes at the school district, including the designation of an executive-level staff member to serve as the district’s Title VI director and compliance officer.

Dr. Rob Anderson, superintendent at the school district, discussed his initial thoughts on the agreement with the ADL.

“That situation that happened to the student was unacceptable and there were some systemic failures that we needed to remedy immediately,” Anderson told the IJN.

“So we started on a lot of common ground. It took maybe five weeks from the first conversation to a signed agreement. We mediated over multiple days, and I participated in all of those sessions. I think three full days is what we set aside.

“We started with a lot of common ground and worked together get the agreement to a place where we both felt like things were needed to be.”

In the case of Boulder Valley, the harassment of one student snowballed into the Title VI complaint by the ADL.

“Those are questions that I ask myself,” Anderson said, “when you have systems and structures that are designed to support students, how does something like this happen?

“In the agreement, we’ve actually created new structures and support to make sure this doesn’t happen again.

“When you have 56 schools, 27,000 students, how do you have the quality controls to respond to acts of anti-Semitism or Title VI violations? And how do you have incidents that happen to an individual not be treated always as an individual incident?

“These things are connected.”

In addition to the designation of a staff member to oversee the district’s response to allegations of harassment, Boulder Valley has agreed to create a superintendent advisory group to open dialogue at the district level.

“You need to have some centralized expectations and reporting and then oversight,” said Anderson, in his sixth year as superintendent of the district.

“We feel having a dedicated executive director overseeing Title VI and developing a standard operating procedure, providing additional training to teachers and administrators, and really elevating the importance of that systemically, not just through our school district, but through the community, we feel are the right first moves.

“Then, by establishing an advisory group where we can review the data on a quarterly basis . . . we’ll respond with additional training, expectation setting, and so on.

“I’ve accepted full accountability because these are systemic issues which I own and, as the person in charge I have the authority and ability to change.

“There were systemic failures, not the failures of one school or one person, but the system.”

The agreement with the ADL comes in the wake of tense times in Boulder. This past June 1 was the one-year anniversary of the firebombing of Run For Their Lives participants at the Pearl Street Mall.

“When I look at the Pearl Street attack just a year ago, and I look at this incident, I would say that yes, anti-Semitism is on the rise, unfortunately,” Anderson said, “not just in our community, but across the country. I think there’s lots of evidence.

“These issues aren’t just school issues, these are community issues. So as superintendent, my responsibility is to make sure that we create the right conditions and environments so all kids can come to school and feel safe, and I’m committed to doing that.

“Students shouldn’t have to hide their Jewish identity when they come to school because they’re in fear of being harassed.

“And we’re going to step in and make sure that we do the right things to ensure that doesn’t happen.”

© IJN 2026

A spiritual defense for the year ahead

In this sacred season, we pray for health. What happens if it doesn’t come?

It didn’t come for Stephen Newirth. On the Yom Kippur before his death, at age 60, he thanked the people for making a minyan for him at his home. He said:

“I have one request to make, and that is that no one feel sorry for me. While I certainly wouldn’t wish my illness on anyone else, through this illness Hashem, in His greatness and mercy, has rescued me. Before I became ill, I had allowed my life to be filled with noise, distractions and pressures, and focus on things that didn’t matter.

“But since I have faced this deadly illness of stage 4 pancreatic cancer, all of the noise, distractions and pressures have disappeared. I have realized in a way that I never could have imagined before that I am completely dependent on Hashem’s merciful greatness. Only Hashem, our Father and King, can save me and all of us.

“And this realization has filled me with more simcha [joy] that I have ever had in my life. I genuinely spend every day filled with happiness.

“I have no fear. I only have the comfort of believing that the King of the world, in his loving mercy, has placed me where I am, and that this is where Hashem wants me to be.

“I don’t know what will happen, and I take this situation day by day. But what I believe is that whatever happens is what Hashem has determined is for the best — gam zu le-tovah.

“I woke up on Rosh Hashanah morning so filled with happiness that I would have an opportunity to attend the coronation of the King of the World. I put on my finest clothes on both days of Rosh Hashanah, to show my joy at this occasion.

“One of the great gifts that Hashem has bestowed on me through this illness has been to have the clarity to see that all Jews are great and have greatness within them. We all have different capabilities and talents, but in the end we all are equal as foot soldiers in Hashem’s army. . . .

“I thank Hashem for helping me, through this illness, to see all of this so clearly.

“I thank Hashem for cleansing me, and for providing me with the opportunity to be close to Hashem. I can only be filled with simcha, and hope this is a simcha we all can celebrate together.”

These sacred words were shared by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz in the current edition of Torah To-Go. Rabbi Lebowitz met Stephen Newirth only once.

A few years ago, I read an article citing sources in our tradition that indicated that when Rosh Hashanah falls on Shabbos, a difficult year lays ahead. The author’s reasoning went like this: The shofar is not sounded on Rosh Hashanah when it falls on Shabbos. If that spiritual defense is lacking, the merits of the Jewish people decrease, whereupon special concern for the upcoming year is in order.

To be exact, I read that article before Rosh Hashanah in 2023. A couple of weeks later came the Hamas atrocities of 2023, which heralded a extremely difficult year indeed. I wondered whether the author of the article had gone back to read what he had written. I wondered whether he was toying with sources on an abstract level. I wondered whether he read them the same way after the Oct. 7 horrors as he did before.

A couple of weeks ago I read another article. This one said: If the first day of Rosh Hashanah falls on Shabbos, and the spiritual defense of the shofar blowing is lacking, then there is a positive step every Jew can take.

He began with the obvious question: If the lack of shofar on the first day of Rosh Hashanah signals a decrease in spiritual defense, then why not just blow the shofar on the first day?

The sages forbad it on the grounds that one might carry the shofar in the public domain, and the prevention of this serious violation of Shabbos is worth the cancellation of the shofar blowing.

In other words, the value of Shabbos observance outweighs the spiritual defense of shofar.

So the writer suggested: For the coming year, let every Jew undertake a specific enhancement to one’s Shabbos observance. Let it counterbalance, so to speak, the absence of the spiritual merit of shofar on the first day of Rosh Hashanah.

What kind of specific enhancement to Shabbos?

The author said:

You choose.

Enhance Shabbos as you see fit.

Forestall any difficult destiny that might attach to a Sabbath-Rosh Hashanah. “Shabbos is an eternal sign between Me and the people of Israel,” not to mention, Shabbos is an eternal release, something akin to the disappearance of all the noise, distractions and pressures in the late Stephen Newirth’s life. Except that with Shabbos, one need not be seriously ill to achieve Newirth’s level of simcha, of joy. It is available once a week.

Every Shabbos.

Enhance it.

Embrace it.

Rejoice.

© IJN 2026

Argentine judge: Return the art!

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By Juan Melamed

BUENOS AIRES — A Dutch journalist hunting for art treasures belonging to an Amsterdam Jewish art dealer spent years trying to get answers from Patricia Kadgien, the daughter of the Nazi financier who had made off with some of them, with no luck. So last year he went to her house in Mar del Plata, a resort city on Argentina’s Atlantic coast.

No one was home, but the journalist, Peter Schouten, noticed a “for sale” sign outside the property from Robles Casas & Campos, a local real estate agency.

Schoten went to the agency’s website, where the house was listed for $265,000. As he scrolled through the listing, he noticed something in a photograph of the living room. Schouten recognized the painting hanging above a sofa: “Portrait of a Lady,” most likely the work of the 18th-century northern Italian painter known as Il Pitocchetto.

On Sept. 11, Argentine federal judge Santiago Inchausti authorized the restitution of “Portrait of a Lady,” which belonged to the collection of Dutch Jewish art dealer Jacques Goudstikker, to his daughter-in-law and sole heir, Marei von Saher.

“The property had been listed for sale on a real estate agency’s website, and one of the photographs showed a painting in the living room that matched one of the works from Goudstikker’s collection that had been sought for years,” Inchausti wrote in his ruling.

Goudstikker was one of Holland’s most prominent Jewish art dealers before WW II.

In 1940, he fled the Nazi-occupied Netherlands with his wife and son, carrying a black notebook listing some 1,400 artworks. After his death during the voyage, his widow preserved it, and the notebook later became key evidence in the family’s restitution efforts.

His gallery and collection fell under Nazi control. Hermann Goering, a powerful deputy to Adolf Hitler, acquired hundreds of paintings from Goudstikker’s collection in a forced sale that Dutch authorities later determined was directly linked to Nazi persecution.

Herberto Robinson, von Saher’s lawyer who specializes in estate planning and asset protection, described what happened after Schoten’s sleuthing.

“At that point, the journalist contacted attorney Yael Weitz in Freedman Normand Friedland of New York where she specializes in art and cultural property law,” he said.

“She then contacted us and asked us to take on the case. The family’s sole intention was to recover the painting. They were not interested in pursuing those who had possessed it or in seeking financial compensation, they wanted the artwork returned.”

Kadgien is the daughter of Friedrich Kadgien, a German financial official who worked for the Nazi regime and later escaped to South America.

The elder Kadgien, who had close ties to Goering, fled Germany in 1945 to Switzerland, eventually making his way to Argentina, where he started a business and raised a family. He died in 1978.

Kadgien and her husband at first did not cooperate. The realtor’s listing was removed after the Dutch newspaper Algemeen Dagblad published its report.

Argentine authorities then searched the property on Aug. 26, 2025, but the painting had been removed and replaced with another artwork, while an outline matching its dimensions remained visible on the wall.

Kadgien and her husband, Juan Carlos Cortegoso, were placed under house arrest for 72 hours while authorities searched the family’s other properties.

They subsequently turned the artwork over to federal prosecutors and were charged with aggravated concealment.

Experts from Argentina’s National Academy of Fine Arts attributed the work to Giacomo Antonio Melchiorre Ceruti, known as Il Pitocchetto, and valued it at approximately 250,000 euros.

“We are very pleased and hope this marks the beginning of many more restitutions, as we know there are undoubtedly other works out there that rightfully belong to families who suffered this tragic fate,” said Clauda Beatriz Malamud, president of Sociedad Union Israelita Marplatense, the local Jewish community body.

Under an agreement Inchausti approved, the criminal proceedings against the couple were suspended for two years, subject to a set of conditions.

• They irrevocably renounce any right or claim to the artwork, clearing the way for its restitution.

• The painting will remain in the custody of Argentina’s Supreme Court until the restitution is carried out.

• They agreed to pay 4.8 million Argentine pesos (approximately $3,180) in 24 monthly installments to the support association of Mar del Plata’s Interzonal Specialized Maternal and Child Hospital.

According to sources at the Buenos Aires Holocaust Museum, von Saher has expressed interest in lending the painting to the museum for a temporary exhibition, possibly for one or two years.

The exhibition would help raise awareness of the systematic theft of Jewish-owned art under the Nazi regime and the continuing international effort to return such works to their rightful owners.

No final agreement about this has been announced.

Seeking forgiveness

The 1970s gave us some ridiculous things, although some thought they were pretty cool back then — the fashions, the decor and this meme from the sappy movie, “Love Story”: “Love means never having to say you’re sorry.”

Did anyone ever really buy into this? It is the exact antithesis of the point of Yom Kippur, which reminds us that forgiveness is not only something that we must seek from G-d. Forgiveness is also something we must seek from one another.

Interpersonal forgiveness is not simply a matter of saying “I’m sorry” or expecting someone to forget what happened. True forgiveness can take time, and the person who was burt can exercise an option to determine when — and whether — to forgive.

However, Yom Kippur encourages us not to let pride, pain or resentment become permanent barriers between people. Yom Kippur offers an opportunity to take the first step: to put aside defensiveness and reach out to someone out of a genuine desire to make things right.

Sometimes the most meaningful prayer of Yom Kippur is not spoken in a synagogue, but with the quiet words, “I am sorry. Please forgive me.”

© IJN 2026

‘Toll was much higher’ — COVID deaths underreported

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By Pesach Benson and Omer Novoselsky

The COVID-19 pandemic was not only a test of health systems. It was also a test of whether governments could be trusted to report what was happening, and a new Israeli study suggests that the strength of a country’s institutions may have mattered more than its ability to count.

Hebrew University of Jerusalem researchers Ariel Karlinsky and Prof. Moses Shayo examined mortality data from 134 countries and territories and found that governments substantially underreported COVID-19 deaths during the first two years of the pandemic.

Published in the Journal of Economic Growth, the study compares officially reported COVID-19 deaths with estimates based primarily on excess mortality — deaths above the number normally expected.

The countries studied officially reported 5.08 million COVID-19 deaths in 2020 and 2021, while the researchers estimate actual COVID mortality at 12.47 million.

The researchers estimate that 45% to 55% of governments in their sample misreported COVID mortality, with underreporting far more common than overreporting.

“The two most important findings are: (1) that the toll of the COVID pandemic was much higher than officially reported and (2) we show massive information manipulation by many governments around the world,” Karlinsky, a PhD candidate, said

The study goes beyond establishing that official figures were often wrong. Karlinsky and Shayo examined whether differences in countries’ ability to collect, register and report deaths could explain the gaps.

They found that statistical capacity accounted for only a small share of the variation. Countries with stronger institutional checks and balances generally showed less underreporting, as did countries where citizens were better positioned to evaluate official information, including through higher education and internet access.

The authors also found higher levels of misreporting in countries with a communist legacy and in countries holding elections during the pandemic.

The study stressed that these are descriptive associations and do not establish that those factors caused governments to misreport deaths.

Karlinsky pointed to Chile and Russia as a concrete illustration. Both scored highly on measures of statistical capacity, he said. Yet Chile, which had stronger institutional constraints, reported COVID mortality relatively accurately, while Russia significantly undercounted it.

The distinction matters because a reporting gap does not automatically prove deliberate deception. Limited testing, incomplete death registration and other weaknesses can cause governments to miss deaths. The researchers attempted to identify misreporting only where official figures fell substantially below the range of plausible excess-mortality estimates.

Testing itself, however, can become part of the problem, Karlinsky said. He cited countries such as Belarus and Egypt, where relatively few COVID tests were conducted despite reports from local hospitals of high infection and death rates.

The largest absolute discrepancy identified by the study was in India, where the government reported roughly 500,000 COVID deaths, while the researchers estimate approximately 4.5 million.

In Nicaragua, fewer than 250 COVID deaths were officially reported over two years, while excess mortality indicated deaths in the thousands.

The researchers acknowledge that the true death toll may never be known in some countries, particularly poorer nations where death registration is incomplete.

Researchers have attempted to fill those gaps using sources including hospital data, obituaries and other indirect measures.

The implications extend beyond COVID. Governments routinely publish statistics that shape decisions about public health, economic policy, foreign aid and other international issues.

“Just like people can lie, so do governments,” Karlinsky said.

“I think journalists should either refrain from publishing information from suspected countries or always accompany it by caveating that the information may not or cannot be verified.”

When Europe sanctions the West Bank, its target is the safety of Jerusalem and Israel

It was left-wing Israeli governments that founded settlements in ‘East Jerusalem’ and the Jordan Valley. Israel’s security depend on them.

Many European nations and Canada, led by Great Britain, plan comprehensive trade sanctions against the West Bank.

Hidden — unappreciated — dangerous — historically ignorant — among the complex issues in this sanctions plan is the safety of Jerusalem — and that’s at a minimum.

Among the complex issues are the issues of a Palestinian state, the violence against Palestinians carried out by “Hilltop Youth,” and the dramatic increase in the weaponry of the Palestinian Authority, poised for attack, not only on West Bank Jewish communities but on Jewish communities on the other side of the Green Line.

All these issues require assessment in their own right. They seem to exhaust the overall picture of the status of the West Bank and of Europe’s and Canada’s sanction plan.

They do not. They hide the key element in the sanction plan. Taken together, they cloud the danger to Jerusalem and indeed all of Israel. The sanction plan defines “West Bank” as including Jewish communities in “East Jerusalem.”

Here, too, one must peel away layers to get to the kernel, the critical danger. Here too, complex issues, though requiring their own assessment, obscure the heart of the matter.

Among the complex issues around Jerusalem to put aside are the issue of Israel’s right to its own capital and the unacknowledged and the wonderful reality of Israel-Palestinian coexistence in Jerusalem. The key element in Europe’s targeting of Jewish communities in East Jerusalem is why these communities are there, why they came to be.

The Jewish communities in what Europe calls “East Jerusalem” were not conceived by a right wing Israeli government. They were conceived by left wing governments in the aftermath of the Six Day War, before a single right-wing government was ever elected in Israel, in 1977.

These communities began to take form in 1969.

These communities were not conceived as an attempt to thwart a Palestinian state, which no one — neither Israelis nor the Jordanian Arab citizens on the West Bank — even articulated.

These communities were not initiated as illegal outposts by extremists.

These communities were built for one reason — so that Jerusalem would never again be within the range of gunfire from Arabs on the West Bank; so that the lives of Jews and Arabs in Jerusalem would never again be at the mercy of attacking Jordanians; so that the buildings of Jerusalem never again go up in flames due to their cheek-by-jowl adjacency to enemy Arab locales.

The Jewish communities surrounding Jerusalem were built as a buffer against future invasions by Arab enemies. These communities were built to prevent any future, military, unimpeded entrance into the heart of Jerusalem.

In a word, these communities were built for safety. By sanctioning the Jewish communities of “East Jerusalem” — Ramat Eshkol, Sanhedria Murchevet, Ramot, Gilo, French Hill and others — Europe is saying:

• Israel has no right to protect the people of its capital.

• Israel has no right to devise a workable plan to defend itself on a very tiny land patch, every square acre of which plays a critical role in the safety of those who live there.

Still more:

In the aftermath of the Six Day War, Israel took control of the Jordan River Valley and built settlements there for the very same reason. The Jordan River was the favored entry point of Palestinian terrorists into Israel. The Jordan River Valley was porous. The Jewish settlements there — literally on the West Bank of the Jordan River —protected Israel against Palestinian terrorism.

Speaking of which, European nations and Canada now want to sanction Israel due to violence by Hilltop Youth against Palestinians, but never sought to sanction Palestinians for the larger, more sustained and longer lasting violence against Israelis by Palestinian murderers.

By sanctioning Jewish communities on the West Bank, Europe is telling Israel: Sacrifice your safety by reopening your country to Palestinian attacks coming across the Jordan River. Remember: No less than King Hussein himself of Jordan recognized the Palestinian threat in Jordan and went to war against the Palestinian Liberation Organization in 1972, to extirpate the Palestinian threat to his country.

The European sanctions would have us believe that Israel has no legitimate security concerns on the West Bank of the Jordan River. Europe would have us turn back the clock to the era when the safety of Jerusalem — and the safety of all the other Israelis cities close to the Jordan River — could not be secured. As we say, these sanctions are historically ignorant.

It’s not only history, however. If Israel’s settlements along the Jordan River would be dismantled, Palestinian terrorists would revert to form. The fact that Israel and Jordan are formally at peace does not change that, since Palestinian terrorists in Jordan walk freely, threaten Jordan’s regime itself and have no use for Jordan’s peace treaty with Israel.

If the neighborhoods surrounding the core of Jerusalem were dismantled, that could be the end of Jewish Jerusalem.

One can only conclude that these European sanctions, even assuming they have some merit, are not thought out, not in the interests of peace, not free of hypocrisy and therefore not received by Israel as anything but grandstanding.

Europe is in for a big surprise if Netanyahu loses the coming election in Israel (Oct. 27). Just like Netanyahu, his successor will not give a blink’s worth of consideration to changing the status of “East Jerusalem’s” Jewish communities or of the Jewish settlements along the Jordan River Valley.

© IJN 2026

Ask me if I support Erdogan

Anyone else tired of being asked to criticize the Israel government? To condemn radical settlers?

For the record, I want to see new leadership in Israel. I’ve criticized Netanyahu more than once in this very space. I have also acknowledged that I would not have been remotely capable of doing his job on Oct. 7, 2023.

I also condemn violence — provoked or not — by radical settlers. Radicalism, in general, tends to lead to more dead people and an overall degradation of quality of life. (Indeed, there is no better example than Gaza post  the 2007 election of Hamas.)

However, none of this means anything to people who oppose Israel — certainly not to the “River to the Sea” proponents (i.e., destruction of Israel), but also not those who say that it’s Bibi, it’s the settlers, it’s Gaza.

I will take anyone’s wager that if Israel tomorrow appointed a new centrist prime minister who immediately pulled the IDF out of Gaza and put a moratorium on settlement expansion, people like Zohran Mamdani and Ed Miliband would still condemn Israel.

No one would take that wager because he or she would know it’s a losing proposition.

This isn’t the first rodeo for the Jewish people. Every government that has opposed Jews has provided “evidence.” Examine England, Iraq, Spain, Germany — there are always so-called “legitimate” grievances against Jews (as there are with any group targeted with racial or ethnic hatred).

Radical settlers are the current diversion — as if radical settlers exist in the same numbers as Hamas terrorists and commit the same magnitude of crimes.

The way I see it, there is a real effort to create a false equivalency — on one side are Palestinian terrorists, on the other side radical settlers.

By all means — have the discussion about violent settlers. But do not use a small group of people to condemn an entire population (Israelis and people who support Israel). Racism is when the behavior of some is applied to all.

Next time I meet a person from a country whose government is anti-Semitic, must I immediately ask if she supports Erdogan? Pedro Sanchez? The Ayatollah?

• • •

What brings you Jewish joy? A recent Short Take featured Jewish children’s book writer-illustrator Suzy Ultman, sharing items that bring her Jewish joy.

If you’d like to share with our readers five items that bring you Jewish joy (and why), email me!

shana@ijn.com

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