Seven business stories to watch in 5776

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NEW YORK — Tired of hearing about the Israeli conflict with the Palestinians or about Iran? There’s plenty of other happening in Israel, from the country’s enormous natural gas reserves to a growing push to legalize marijuana.

Here are seven news items you may have missed in 5775 — watch for them as the New Year begins.

1. Controversial gas drilling

Since the discovery of two huge offshore fields of natural gas in the Mediterranean Sea, Israel has turned from an energy importer to an energy exporter. Israel has signed agreements worth tens of billions of dollars to export gas to Egypt and Jordan, and in 2013, a conglomerate of two energy companies — Noble Energy and the Delek Group — began exporting gas from the Tamar natural gas field.

In June, however, an agreement to let Delek and Noble also develop the much larger Leviathan field set off protests in Israel.

Critics, including the head of Israel’s antitrust authority, called the deal a monopoly. But Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu has vowed to move ahead with the agreement, telling the Knesset in July that “we will not allow populism to bury the gas in the ground.”

2. Will reforms solve Israel’s housing crisis?

Israelis are concerned about bombs and tunnels, but they’re also worried about another threat: skyrocketing housing prices.

Since 2008, prices have risen nearly 60%. The prohibitive costs of housing were what led half a million Israelis to take to the streets in protest in 2011.

Running on a promise to address the housing crisis, the upstart centrist party Kulanu won 10 seats in the March Knesset elections.

Kulanu’s chairman, Finance Minister Moshe Kahlon, has advanced reforms designed to curb prices, including raising taxes on the purchase of second homes and streamlining Israel’s housing bureaucracy, making construction and contracting more efficient.

Time will tell if his efforts make it easier for young Israelis to buy a home.

3. Israel becomes more French

As anti-Semitism rises in France, Israelis have been hearing more and more French on the street. Since 2010, some 20,000 French Jews have moved to Israel — and officials predict that 2015 will end up being a second straight record year for French aliyah.

Parisians have filled the streets of Tel Aviv, Jerusalem and coastal cities like Netanya and Ashdod.

Israelis already are feeling their effect; shwarma stands, for example, now offer the signature Israeli lamb dish in a baguette as well as a pita.

As Israel’s French community continues to grow, we’ll see how else the French arrivals may shape their new home.

4. Closer ties to India and China

The EU has long been Israel’s top trading partner and the US its strongest ally. Those things are unlikely to change anytime soon, but the past year has seen Israel look East as well as West. India’s new prime minister, Narendra Modi, wants to strengthen ties with Israel — he intends to visit the country, and will be the first Indian head of state to do so — and has had friendly words for Netanyahu.

Meanwhile, Israel is looking to increase its trade with China. In 2015, Chinese investments in Israel reached $6 billion, and Israel and China are looking to establish a free-trade zone between them.

5. The five-shekel café

Israelis are fond of complaining about high prices, but one cost you won’t hear them gripe about is coffee. That’s because Cofix, a rapidly expanding cafe chain, sells everything on its menu — from espresso to sandwiches — for five shekels (about $1.25).

Since it launched in 2013, Cofix has opened nearly 100 branches across Israel, and has plans to open a total of 300 stores.

A knockoff competitor, Cofizz, has a couple dozen branches of its own with the same concept.

Cofix has forced older chains to lower their prices, and it’s not stopping there. A handful of bars have opened where everything goes for five shekels. Likewise, a couple branches of Super Cofix, a dollar store-style supermarket with the same prices.

6. Haredim in the workforce

With haredi Orthodox political parties back in the governing coalition, haredi men are unlikely to be included in Israel’s draft. But haredim have been integrating into mainstream Israeli society another way: through the workforce.

According to recent data from Israel’s Economy Ministry, 16% of Israeli businesses now employ haredim, up from 8% in 2008.

The number of haredi employees in the business sector also doubled, from 48,000 in 2008 to more than 100,000 now.

But haredi-secular relations still have a long way to go. A recent survey found that a significant percentage of haredim and secular Jews have no interaction.

7. Marijuana legalization?

Israeli cannabis growers are hoping to make the desert bloom. Medical marijuana is already legal in Israel. Israel’s deputy health minister announced new regulations in July that will allow cannabis to be sold in pharmacies and prescribed by a wider range of doctors.

In the past few years, leaders of Israeli political parties have admitted to having a toke, and lawmakers from both right- and left-wing parties support marijuana legalization.

Until 2015, the most outspoken advocate for legalization was the far-right Knesset member Moshe Feiglin. He didn’t make it into Knesset, but his cause goes on.